Rövid leírás:
Introducing Philosophy: A Text with integrated Readings , ninth edition, is an engaging introduction to the basic philosophical problems and their potential alternative solutions.
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Hosszú leírás:
Introducing Philosophy: A Text with integrated Readings , ninth edition, is an engaging introduction to the basic philosophical problems and their potential alternative solutions. It is a topically organized hybrid that includes Soloman’s own discussion along with excerpts from prominent thinkers of the last 2500 years on topics such as the nature of reality, the existence and nature of God, the possibility of human knowledge, the mystery of the self, the nature of truth, and the essence of freedom.
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Tartalomjegyzék:
INTRODUCTION: PHILOSOPHY
A. Socrate
B. What is Philosophy
C. Modern Approach to Philosophy
D. A Brief Introduction to Logic
PART 1: THE WORLD AND BEYOND
Chapter 1. Reality
A. „The Way the World Really Is”
B. The First Greek Philosophers
C. Ultimate Reality in the East; India, Persia, and China
D. Two Kinds of Metaphysics: Plato and Aristotle
E. Modern Metaphysics: Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz
Chapter 2. Religion
A. What is Religion?
B. The Western Traditions
C. God as Creator: Intellegence and Design
D. Religion, Morality, and Evil
E. Beyond Reason: Faith and Irrationality
F. Doubts over Religion
Chapter 3. Knowledge
A. The Rationalist’s Confidence: Descartes
B. Innate Ideas Concerning Human Understanding: John Locke
C. The Empiricist Theory of Knowledge
D. Common Sense Undone: Bishop Berkeley
E. The Congenial Skeptic: David Hume
F. Kant’s Revolution
G. The Battle in Europe after Kant: Relativism and Absolutism
H. Phenomenology
I. Heremeneutics and Pragmatism: Relativism Reconsidered
J. Feminist Epistemology
Chapter 4. Self
A. Consciousness and the Self: From Descartes to Kant
B. Existentialism: Self-Identity and the Responsibility of Choice
C. The Individual and the Community
D. One Self? Any Self? Questioning the Concept of Personal „Essence”
Chapter 5. Mind and Body
A. What is Consciousness?
B. The Problems of Dualism
C. The Rejection of Dualism
D. The Problem of Consciousness
Chapter 6. Freedom
A. Fatalism and Karma
B. Predestination
C. Determinism
D. Compulsion and Ignorance
E. Freedom in Practice
F. Racial Freedom: Existentialism
PART 3: THE GOOD AND THE RIGHT
Chapter 7. Ethics
A. Morality
B. Is Morality Relative?
C. Egotism and Altruism
D. Morality as Virtue: Aristotle
E. Morality and Sentiment: Hume and Rousseau
F. Morality and Practical Reason: Kant
G. Utilitarianism
H. The Creation of Morality: Nietzsche and Existentialism
I. Ethics and Gender
Chapter 8. Justice
A. The Problem of Justice
B. Individual Rights and Freedom
C. Obeying the Law: Civil Disobediance and Anarchism
D. A Neglected Right: The Right to Eat
